| HOST SPECIES: | Mouse |
| SPECIES REACTIVITY: | Human |
| IMMUNOGEN: | CTLA-4 antibody was raised against the extracellular domain of human CTLA-4. |
| TESTED APPLICATIONS: | ELISA, ICC, IF, IHC-P, WB |
| APPLICATIONS: | CTLA-4 antibody can be used for detection of CTLA-4 by Western blot at 1 - 2 μg/mL. Antibody can also be used for immunohistochemistry starting at 5 μg/mL. For immunofluorescence start at 20 μg/mL. Antibody validated: Western Blot in human samples; Immunohistochemistry in human samples; Immunocytochemistry in human samples and Immunofluorescence in human samples. All other applications and species not yet tested. |
| POSITIVE CONTROL: | 1) Cat. No. 1210 - HEK293 Lysate Cell Lysate |
| PREDICTED MOLECULAR WEIGHT: | Predicted: 25 kDa Observed: 32 kDa |
Specifications| PURIFICATION: | CTLA-4 Antibody is supplied as protein A purified IgG1. |
| CLONALITY: | Monoclonal |
| ISOTYPE: | IgG1 |
| CONJUGATE: | Unconjugated |
| PHYSICAL STATE: | Liquid |
| BUFFER: | CTLA-4 Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide. |
| CONCENTRATION: | 1 mg/mL |
| STORAGE CONDITIONS: | CTLA-4 antibody can be stored at 4˚C for three months and -20˚C, stable for up to one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures. |
| OFFICIAL SYMBOL: | CTLA4 |
| ALTERNATE NAMES: | CTLA-4 Antibody: CTL4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, CD, GSE, GRD4, ALPS5, CD152, IDDM12, CELIAC3 |
| ACCESSION NO.: | NP_005205 |
| GENE ID: | 1493 |
| USER NOTE: | Optimal dilutions for each application to be determined by the researcher. |
| BACKGROUND: | The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed by activated T cells and transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells (1,2). Both it and the homologous T-cell co-stimulatory protein CD28 bind to CD80 (B7-H1) and CD86 (B7-H2) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (3). Mutations in the CTLA-4 gene have been implicated in multiple autoimmune diseases (4). CTLA-4 also functions as an immune checkpoint protein, and anti- CTLA-4 antibodies have been successfully used in the treatment of cancer (5). |
| REFERENCES: | 1) Brunet JF, Denizot F, Luciani MF, et al. A new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily--CTLA-4 . Nature 1987; 328:267–70. | 2) Walunas TL, Lenschow DJ, Bakker CY, et al. CTLA-4 can function as a negative regulator of T cell activation. Immunity 1994; 1:405–13. | 3) Harding FA, McArthur JG, Gross JA, et al. CD28-mediated signalling co-stimulates murine T cells and prevents induction of anergy in T-cell clones. Nature 1992; 356:607–9. | 4) Romo-Tena J, Gomez-Martin D, and Alcocer-Verela J. CTLA-4 and autoimmunity: new insights into the dual regulator of tolerance. Autoimmun. Rev. 2013; 12:117. |
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