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Detection Sets
Anthrax Protein Detection Set
Background
Anthrax infection is initiated by the inhalation, ingestion, or cutaneous contact with Bacillus anthracis endospores. B. anthracis produces three polypeptides that comprise the anthrax toxin: protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF), and edema factor (EF). PA binds to two related proteins on the cell surface; these are termed tumor epithelial marker 8 (TEM8)/anthrax toxin receptor (ATR) and capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG2). PA is cleaved into two fragments by a furin-like protease after receptor binding. The bound fragment binds both LF and EF; the resulting complex is then endocytosed into the cell which allows the release of LF and EF into the cytoplasm. These toxins are usually sufficient to cause rapid cell death, and often the death of the infected organism. LF is the primary toxin of anthrax and functions as a highly specific protease that cleaves members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) family near their amino terminus, interfering with MAPK signaling and inducing apoptosis (6). EF is a calmodulin and Ca++-dependent adenylate cyclase responsible for the edema seen in the disease. It is thought to benefit the B. anthracis bacteria by inhibiting cells of the host immune system. The Anthrax toxin receptor (ATR) was initially discovered as the tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8). This protein, which exists in three isoforms (36, 40, and 60 kDa), is highly expressed in tumor vessels as well as in the vasculature of developing embryos, suggesting that it may normally play a role in angiogenesis in addition to its role as the anthrax toxin receptor.
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Description
For images please see PDF data sheet
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Kit Contents
ATR Antibody (IN), Catalog No. 3117 (50μg)
Anthrax PA Antibody (IN), Catalog No. 3411 (50μg)
Anthrax LF Antibody (CT), Catalog No. 3417 (50μg)
Anthrax EF Antibody, Catalog No. 3419 (50μg)
Anthrax PA Peptide (IN), Catalog No. 3411P
Anthrax LF Peptide (CT), Catalog No. 3417P
Anthrax EF Peptide, Catalog No. 3419P
Source
Rabbit polyclonal antibodies were raised against peptides corresponding to amino acid sequences from each of the corresponding proteins.
Application
These polyclonal antibodies can be used for detection of Anthrax PA, LF or EF proteins in bodily fluid or tissue by ELISA. Immunogenic peptides are provided as positive controls and to determine protein concentration. Each antibody will detect 10ng of its corresponding peptide. ATR antibody can be used for detection of ATR in immunoblot and immunohistochemistry applications. ATR antibody is human, mouse, and rat reactive and will recognize all three isoforms.
Tested Application
WB, IHC
Storage
Antibodies are supplied as affinity chromatography purified IgG, in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide. Antibodies should be stored at -20˚C.
Species Reactivity
see datasheet
Short Description
ATR, Anthrax PA, Anthrax LF and Anthrax EF, Anthrax PA peptide, Anthrax LF peptide and Anthrax EF peptide
This product belongs to the following categories:
Related Products
References- Schwartz MN. Recognition and management of anthrax – an update. New Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345:1621-6.
- Moayeri M and Leppla SH. The roles of anthrax toxin in pathogenesis. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2004; 7:19-24.
- Bradley KA, Mogridge J, Mourez M, et al. Identification of the cellular receptor for anthrax toxin. Nature 2001; 414:225-9.
- Scobie HM, Rainey GJ, Bradley KA, et al. Human capillary morphogenesis protein 2 functions as an anthrax toxin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003; 100:5170-4.
Datasheet 0803-W
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